京都大学 大学院医学研究科 人間健康科学系専攻 病理学研究室（形態形成医療科学）

第73回日本人類学会で発表しました（2019.10.12-14、佐賀）。

われわれの研究も人類の研究なので、発表してみました。どの程度受け入れられたでしょうか。

ヒト胚子期における気管支分岐形成の三次元的定量解析
藤井 瀬菜、村中 太河、松林 潤、米山 明男、兵藤 一行、山田 重人、高桑 徹也
ヒト胚子期・胎児期初期における気管・軟骨の3次元的解析
山崎 優、藤井 瀬菜、石川 葵、山田 重人、高桑 徹也
Carnegie Stage (CS) でのヒト後腎における腎小体の発生段階と立体的分布
北沢 遥、石山 華、石川 葵、松林 潤、山田 重人、高桑 徹也

第59回先天異常学会で、発表しました(2019.7.26-28, 名古屋）The 13th World Congress of the International Cleft Lip and Palate Foundation -CLEFT 2019-と合同開催でした。

Nohara A, Owaki N, Manesco C, Katsube M, Yamada S, Imai H, Matsuda T, Yoneyama A, Takakuwa T, Relationship between fusion of lateral palatal shelves and growth of Mandible (Meckel’s cartilage)

Takakuwa　T. Intestinal loop formation: herniation into the extraembryonic coelom and return to the abdominal coelom (招待講演）

Drastic changes occur during the development of the intestinal loop (IL), including physiological umbilical herniation (PUH) and its return. The present study was designed to analyze such developments three-dimensionally during human embryonic and early fetal period.

Materials and Methods: The software AMIRA was used to analyze the 3D digitalized data (high-resolution MRI, phase-contrast X-ray CT) obtained from the Kyoto Collection.

Results and Discussion: Based on the results of our analysis, the following time line and main features of IL formation were revealed:

Herniate phase (Carnegie stage (CS)14-CS23, Crown-rump length (CRL) < 35 mm): IL rotation was initially observed as a slight deviation of the duodenum and colorectum from the median plane up to CS16. The PUH was noticeable after CS16. The IL displayed a hairpin-like structure, with the superior mesenteric artery (SMA) running parallel to the straight part and the cecum located to the left at CS18. The IL rotated around the SMA only during the early stages (until CS19). The IL gradually moved away, running transversely after CS19. Embryos with liver malformation showed PUH, which indicated that PUH occurred independent of liver volume.

Transition phase (CRL = 37, 41, and 43 mm): Intestinal return began from proximal to distal part in samples with CRL of 37 mm. The cecum returned before the distal end of the small intestine (ileum) in samples with CRLs of 41 and 43 mm.

Return phase: The cecum immediately reached its final position in the right lower quadrant of the abdomen (the adult position). The anti-clockwise “en-bloc rotation” described by descent and fixation of the cecum in the abdominal cavity may not exist. A rapid increase in the space available for the intestine in the abdominal coelom that exceeded the intestinal volume in the extraembryonic coelom was observed. The height of the umbilical ring increased in a stepwise manner between the transition and return phases and its height in the return phase was comparable to or higher than that of the hernia tip during the herniation phase. We speculated that the space is generated to accommodate the herniated portion of the intestine, similar to the intestine wrapping into the abdominal coelom as the height of the umbilical ring increases.

Conclusion: The data obtained in the present study demonstrate the precise timeline of IL formations, which indicate several points of discrepancy in the results of previous studies.

第18回日本再生医療学会総会で発表しました (2019.3.21@神戸市)

再生医療において、重要な課題である細胞や組織の生死評価を行いました。3次元構造をとる組織は基質を有し、遊離した細胞よりも測定方法が困難であるとされていますが、本研究では３Dバイオプリンターを用いて３次元構造の組織体を作製し、組織構成体の摘出手法および生死評価手法について検討しました。（今後は、このような３次元的組織構成体の生死判定は移植前の組織の安全性を測るのみでなく移植後のリハビリテーションの有効性の検討を行う際の組織状態のベースラインの確認にも有用であると考えられます。）

石川葵、田中麻衣、杉山寛恵、池口良輔、高井治美、鳥井蓉子、國富芳博、秋枝静香、青山朋樹、高桑徹也　「神経様３次元組織体の生死判定技術の検討」

共同研究者の山口豊さんが第72回日本人類学会（2018/10/19-22、三島）で発表しました。若手会員大会発表賞をいただいたそうです。おめでとうございます

幾何学的形態測定学法を用いたヒト胎児脳の成長過程の解析

山口豊、勝部元紀、上部千賀子、巻島美幸、山本憲、今井宏彦、高桑徹也、富樫かおり、山田重人